Healthcare

WEEK ! PEER REVIEW 25-50 words each

 

 

  1. Image of self in the eyes of a young teenager is shaped daily by everything around them from television, billboards, magazines, and especially their peers. Each year, thousands of teens develop eating disorders, or problems with weight, eating, or body image.

 

“A new study describes the rates of eating disorders in adolescents. Drs. Swanson, Crow, LeGrange, and Merikangas utilized data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement, which is a nationally representative sample of 10,123 adolescents ranging from 13- to 18-years-old. Importantly, this survey used face-to-face interviews which are likely to improve the accuracy of making diagnose (KidsHealth. 2014).”

 

They represent extremes in eating behavior and ways of thinking about eating — the diet that never ends and gradually gets more restrictive. The most common eating disorders are anorexia and bulimia. People with anorexia have a real fear of weight gain and a distorted view of their body size and shape. Many teens with anorexia restrict their food intake by dieting, fasting, or excessive exercise. With bulimia, people might binge eat (eat to excess) and then try to compensate in extreme ways, such as making themselves throw up or exercising all the time, to prevent weight gain. Most people with bulimia then purge by vomiting, but also may use laxatives or excessive exercise. Eating disorders are serious medical illnesses that often develop into multiple health problems such as stress, anxiety, depression, and substance use. Eating disorders can lead to the development of serious physical health problems, such as heart conditions or kidney failure.

 

In order to correctly assess treatment to the individual dealing with this illness, the health care professional has to get an understanding of the root that stimulated this issue. During the teenage years, adolescent are so emotionally unstable due to the changes that’s arise from puberty. Every start to developing an eating disorder when dealing with a teenage will be different because there are so many influences that could be a contribution factor. It is a mental process that requires a lot of encouragement from physicians, family, and peers because it is so easy for a person suffering from an eating disorder to have a setback during treatment.  Programs that adopt an ecological approach – involving individual change and changing the environment of teacher and peer behavior have shown some success.  It is a process that can sometimes take weeks, months, even years to cure. Treatment for eating disorders usually requires a team approach; including individual therapy, family therapy, working with a primary care physician, working with a nutritionist, and medication. Many adolescents also suffer from other problems; including depression, anxiety, and substance abuse. It is important to recognize and get appropriate treatment for these problems as well. Community groups and organization in support teen empowerment gearing towards self-esteem and self-acceptance can make a great impact on teens, showing that it is ok to be different.

 

 

 

 

 

  1. Adopting health behavior is a critical component in promoting lifestyle change and improved bodily functions. It is further associated with adoption of a significantly improved concept of health and improvements in overall quality of life.

 

The theory of planned behavior (Stages of Change) has been found to be applicable to diverse health behaviors, and has led to the development of many health promotion programs targeting various populations.

 

Stages of Change lie at the heart of the TTM. Studies of change have found that people move through a series of stages when modifying behavior. While the time a person can stay in each stage is variable, the tasks required to move to the next stage are not. Certain principles and processes of change work best at each stage to reduce resistance, facilitate progress, and prevent relapse. Those include decisional balance, self-efficacy, and processes of change. Only a minority (usually less than 20%) of a population at risk is prepared to take action at any given time. Thus, action-oriented guidance underserves individuals in the early stages. Guidance based on the TTM results in increased participation in the change process because it appeals to the whole population rather than the minority ready to take action.

 

The Stages of Change construct represents a chronological dimension. Change implies phenomena occurring over time. Traditionally, behavior change was often construed as an event, such as quitting smoking, drinking, or overeating. TTM recognizes change as a process that unfolds over time, involving progress through a series of stages. While progression through the Stages of Change can occur in a linear fashion, a nonlinear progression is common. Often, individuals recycle through the stages or regress to earlier stages from later ones.

 

In order for the patient to be able to successfully stop her bad smoking habit, the patient needs to be ready and consistent with her strategies to lead a better and healthier life style.

 

 

 

  1. Change is a difficult thing to do, especially if you do not have the will, support, and courage needed to successfully obtain the change you are looking for. One model that focuses on change is the Health Belief Model. The health belief model basically states that in order for people to change their behaviors, the severity of the disease they have must outweigh their behavior, therefore making it necessary for them to want to change.

 

The health belief model proposes that a person’s health-related behavior depends on the person’s perception of four critical areas the severity of a potential illness, the person’s susceptibility to that illness, the benefits of taking a preventive action, and the barriers to taking that action. HBM addresses the relationship between a person’s beliefs and

behaviors. It provides a way to understanding and predicting how clients will behave in relation to their health and how they will comply with health care therapies (Beck, 2007).

 

When I think about this particular model, it sounds as if the patient has to feel hopeless, or must feel as though they have hit rock bottom. I remember when I was working in a substance abuse program, and listening to my patients talk about how they felt before joining Alcoholics Anonymous(AA). They knew they had to do something because their lives were spiraling out of control. Although it was hard for them to admit they were powerless over their addiction, they still understood their disease was too much for them to handle on their own. AA helped them to get their lives back under control. AA is a 12 step program designed to help those who want to gain and keep sobriety from alcohol. It was founded in 1935 by two men who both had successful careers but were alcoholics. As time went on other programs for addiction surfaced using the same steps and traditions as AA and build on the same principles.

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