sugar rush
Scenario Context Synopsis:
The human body needs oxygen, water and food to provide energy to essential organs for survival. Food provides energy to the body in the form of carbohydrates, protein, lipids, minerals and vitamins. There are four processes involved in converting food to energy: ingestion, digestion, absorption and metabolism. These are complex processes, and may not always occur efficiently, such as in the case of diabetes, obesity, and some cancers.
Nutrients for energy are stored in the liver, adipose tissue and muscle until required by cells throughout the body. During times of fasting, energy enters the bloodstream to be transported to cells in the form of glucose, fatty acids, ketone bodies and lactic acid. Some organs are able to utilise multiple sources of energy. For example, the heart and liver have a preference for fatty acids (and ketone bodies in the case of the liver), but will metabolise all energy sources to some extent.
In the case of diabetes, the body is unable to effectively digest glucose. When insulin sensitivity is decreased, there is a domino effect on the efficiency of energy production and metabolism in the body, resulting in bouts of hypo- and hyper- glycemia, where glucose levels are not regulated properly.
** my research Report consist of two parts:
First part:
IQ1: Fuel for the body
The different arrangements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the form of saccharides (carbohydrates); hydrocarbon chains terminating in acids (lipids) and polymers of amino acids (proteins) represent different fuels for the body. Each has an essential role in the body, from regeneration of cells in the brain, muscle, skin, hair and nails to absorption and transport of fat soluble vitamins.
You might like to consider:
• What are the different forms of carbohydrates? How do they differ? Are some forms healthier than others?
• What is the energy pathway involved in metabolism of digested carbohydrates?
• How do protein, lipids and carbohydrates compare as an energy source?
Second part:
IQ4: Diet Danger
The first thing someone hears when they ask how to lose
or gain weight is “just eat less/ more and exercise more/
less”. When nutrients present in the bloodstream are not
required for energy, they are stored until such time as they
are required in the form of adipose tissue. This process
involves a num ber of hormones, including leptin, insulin,
adrenaline, cortisol, ghrelin and diponectin. While the
majority of the population has sufficient (and even
excessive) stores of adipose tissue, some people do not possess any adipose tissue, causing energy to be sourced from other organs in the body.
You might like to consider:
• What is the role of insulin in the production of adipose tissue?
• In the absence of adipose tissue, what organs are able to provide energy for the body?
How does this impact on the structure and function of these organs?
• How does malnutrition affect the production of antibodies? What effect does this have
on general immunity to disease?
• Is weight loss and gain really as simple as changing diet and exercising habits?
– Each part must be around 1600 words (total 3200 words)
– Please avoid plagiarism
– References : APA Style of referencing
– References must be cited in the text and in the Reference list in APA format
– you need to answer all questions in each part and highlight the answer of each question
– write two paragraphs by following the brief summary to connect ideas